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Turkey
Republic of Türkiye · Western Asia
At a glance
CapitalAnkara
Most common first languageTurkish84.5% speak it as a mother tongue
Official languageTurkish
CurrencyTurkish lira
Drives on theright
Highest pointMount Ararat5,137 m
Biggest category of goods exportedmanufactured goods74% of goods exports, 2024
Services share of exports31.3%of everything sold abroad, 2024
Internet domain.tr
Facts about Turkey
Turkey’s largest city sits on two continents.
Source: Istanbul, across the Bosphorus · checked 2026-08-08Turkey by the numbers
Rank is out of the countries with data for that measure. Every figure is the latest year the source publishes.
| Measure | Value | Rank |
|---|---|---|
| PopulationEveryone living in the country, all ages, counted mid-year. | 85.9m (2025) | 18th of 209 |
| GDPThe total value of everything the country produces in a year, at current prices. | $1.60tn (2025) | 16th of 203 |
| Land areaTotal land area, excluding inland water and offshore territory. | 770k km² (2023) | 36th of 209 |
| Military spending, totalWhat the government spends on its armed forces in a year — pay, equipment and operations. | $25.0bn (2024) | 17th of 151 |
| Exports of goods & servicesThe value of everything the country sells abroad in a year, goods and services combined. | $397bn (2025) | 26th of 180 |
| Mobile subscriptionsActive mobile phone subscriptions — NOT the same as people. Many people hold two, so a country can have more subscriptions than residents. | 94.3m (2024) | 19th of 205 |
| Forest areaLand under natural or planted trees, whether or not it is productive. | 227k km² (2023) | 25th of 203 |
| Agricultural landCropland, land under permanent crops, and permanent pasture. | 386k km² (2023) | 33rd of 206 |
| CO₂ emissionsCarbon dioxide released in a year, in millions of tonnes. | 460 Mt (2024) | 14th of 198 |
| Urban populationThe number of people living in urban areas, as each country defines them. | 76.9m (2025) | 11th of 209 |
| Life expectancyHow long a baby born today would live if death rates never changed. | 77.4 years (2024) | 77th of 209 |
| GDP per personEverything the country produces in a year, divided by its population. | $18,599 (2025) | 75th of 205 |
| Internet useThe share of people who have used the internet in the last three months. | 89.8% (2025) | 58th of 191 |
| InflationHow much prices rose over the year, measured on a basket of consumer goods. | 34.9% (2025) | 6th of 182 |
| UnemploymentThe share of people who want a job and are looking for one but do not have one. | 8.5% (2025) | 49th of 185 |
| Urban shareThe share of the population living in urban areas. | 89.5% (2025) | 27th of 209 |
| Births per womanHow many children a woman would have across her life at current birth rates. | 1.48 (2024) | 153rd of 209 |
| Military spending, share of GDPWhat the country spends on its armed forces, as a share of everything it produces. | 1.92% of GDP (2024) | 65th of 155 |
| Trade opennessImports plus exports as a share of GDP. Above 100% is normal for small trading economies. | 49.9% of GDP (2025) | 144th of 183 |
| CO₂ per personCarbon dioxide from fuel and industry, divided by the population. | 5.36 t (2024) | 47th of 198 |
| Human Development IndexThe UN’s combined measure of health, education and income, on a scale from 0 to 1. | 0.853 (2023) | 51st of 193 |
Land borders
Turkey shares these with other countries
Drives on the right 149Has a coast and land neighbours 115Has turkish as an official language 2Is a member of nato 30Is a member of the g20 19Mainly exports manufactured goods 83Is in western asia 17
Turkey in the Daily Ceteris
Questions from the daily puzzle where the answer is Turkey.
Which G20 economy's central bank shocked markets in March 2024 by raising its main interest rate to 50%, after years of unorthodox rate-cutting let inflation climb past 75%?
Turkey spent years cutting rates while inflation soared, on the unorthodox theory that high rates cause inflation. The 2024 reversal to 50% was the belated orthodox cure: choke off borrowing and demand to force prices back down. source
Keep going
Country data from the World Bank (CC BY 4.0) and the UNDP Human Development Report (CC BY 3.0 IGO)
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