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Turkmenistan
Central Asia
At a glance
CapitalAshgabat
Most common first languageTurkmen85% speak it as a mother tongue
Official languageTurkmen
CurrencyTurkmenistan new manat
Drives on theright
Highest pointAýrybaba3,139 m
CoastlineLandlockedno access to the sea
Internet domain.tm
Turkmenistan by the numbers
Rank is out of the countries with data for that measure. Every figure is the latest year the source publishes.
| Measure | Value | Rank |
|---|---|---|
| PopulationEveryone living in the country, all ages, counted mid-year. | 7.62m (2025) | 103rd of 209 |
| GDPThe total value of everything the country produces in a year, at current prices. | $49.8bn (2025) | 97th of 203 |
| Land areaTotal land area, excluding inland water and offshore territory. | 470k km² (2023) | 53rd of 209 |
| Exports of goods & servicesThe value of everything the country sells abroad in a year, goods and services combined. | $7.21bn (2025) | 119th of 180 |
| Mobile subscriptionsActive mobile phone subscriptions — NOT the same as people. Many people hold two, so a country can have more subscriptions than residents. | 6.25m (2021) | 117th of 205 |
| Forest areaLand under natural or planted trees, whether or not it is productive. | 41.3k km² (2023) | 75th of 203 |
| Agricultural landCropland, land under permanent crops, and permanent pasture. | 396k km² (2023) | 29th of 206 |
| COâ‚‚ emissionsCarbon dioxide released in a year, in millions of tonnes. | 81 Mt (2024) | 44th of 198 |
| Urban populationThe number of people living in urban areas, as each country defines them. | 3.59m (2025) | 117th of 209 |
| Life expectancyHow long a baby born today would live if death rates never changed. | 70.2 years (2024) | 145th of 209 |
| GDP per personEverything the country produces in a year, divided by its population. | $6,540 (2025) | 121st of 205 |
| UnemploymentThe share of people who want a job and are looking for one but do not have one. | 4.3% (2025) | 114th of 185 |
| Urban shareThe share of the population living in urban areas. | 47.1% (2025) | 149th of 209 |
| Births per womanHow many children a woman would have across her life at current birth rates. | 2.66 (2024) | 68th of 209 |
| Trade opennessImports plus exports as a share of GDP. Above 100% is normal for small trading economies. | 28.2% of GDP (2025) | 177th of 183 |
| COâ‚‚ per personCarbon dioxide from fuel and industry, divided by the population. | 10.69 t (2024) | 18th of 198 |
| Human Development IndexThe UN’s combined measure of health, education and income, on a scale from 0 to 1. | 0.764 (2023) | 95th of 193 |
Land borders
Turkmenistan shares these with other countries
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Country data from the World Bank (CC BY 4.0) and the UNDP Human Development Report (CC BY 3.0 IGO)
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