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Countries in a customs union with the EU

Three countries outside the EU have a customs union with it: Turkey, Andorra and San Marino.

The full list

Customs unions in force 3

The three bilateral customs unions named by DG TAXUD: Andorra (signed 1990), San Marino (signed 1991) and Turkey (Decision 1/95).

• 🇹🇷Turkey
• 🇦🇩Andorra
• 🇸🇲San Marino

Not on the list

• Monaco: Inside the customs territory of the Union through its customs convention with France, so it has no separate customs union with the EU.
• United Kingdom: Left the EU customs union when the Brexit transition ended on 31 December 2020.
• Northern Ireland: Part of the United Kingdom and of the UK customs territory.
• Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man: Crown Dependencies, not sovereign states.

Questions

How many countries outside the EU are in a customs union with it?

Three countries outside the EU have a customs union with it: Turkey, Andorra and San Marino.

Which countries are on the list?

Turkey, Andorra and San Marino.

What is an easy way to remember them?

One big (Turkey) and two microstates (Andorra, San Marino).

Is the UK in a customs union with the EU?

No. The UK left the EU customs union when the Brexit transition ended on 31 December 2020.

More lists

Each name checked against at least two sources, one of them European Commission, on 1 October 2026. Next review by 1 October 2027.
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