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Economies with a currency board

Eleven economies run a currency board in the IMF's classification. Six of them share one, behind the Eastern Caribbean dollar.

How many11 economies

As of2 October 2026

SourceIMF

Memory hook

6 + 2 + 3: six Eastern Caribbean islands, two boards tied to the US dollar (Hong Kong, Djibouti), and three tied to other currencies (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brunei, Macao).

The full list

The Eastern Caribbean Currency Union 6

Six IMF members share one currency board arrangement: the Eastern Caribbean dollar, fixed at EC$2.70 to the US dollar since 1976.

Antigua and Barbuda
Dominica
Grenada
St Kitts and Nevis
St Lucia
St Vincent and the Grenadines

Their own board, anchored to the US dollar 2

Each issues its own currency, fully backed by US dollars: Djibouti since 1949, Hong Kong since 1983.

Hong Kong
Djibouti

Their own board, anchored to another currency 3

Each issues its own currency backed by another anchor: Bosnia and Herzegovina the euro, Brunei the Singapore dollar, Macao the Hong Kong dollar.

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Brunei
Macao

Can you name them all?

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Not on the list

Bulgaria: Listed as a currency board (anchored to the euro) in the IMF classification as of 30 April 2025.
Anguilla, Montserrat: British Overseas Territories and full members of the Eastern Caribbean Central Bank, but not IMF members, so the IMF does not classify them.
Croatia: Never a currency board: the IMF classified the kuna as a stabilised arrangement until Croatia joined the euro area on 1 January 2023, then as free floating.

Questions

How many economies have a currency board?

Eleven economies run a currency board in the IMF's classification. Six of them share one, behind the Eastern Caribbean dollar.

Which economies are on the list?

Antigua and Barbuda, Dominica, Grenada, St Kitts and Nevis, St Lucia, St Vincent and the Grenadines, Hong Kong, Djibouti, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brunei and Macao.

What is an easy way to remember them?

6 + 2 + 3: six Eastern Caribbean islands, two boards tied to the US dollar (Hong Kong, Djibouti), and three tied to other currencies (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brunei, Macao).

More lists

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Each name checked against at least two sources, one of them IMF, on 2 October 2026. Next review by 29 January 2027.
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