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Indonesia

Republic of Indonesia · South-Eastern Asia

Position of Indonesia on a world map

At a glance

CapitalJakarta
Most common first languageJavanese31.8% speak it as a mother tongue
Official languageIndonesian
Currencyrupiah
Drives on theleft
Highest pointPuncak Jaya4,884 m
Biggest category of goods exportedmanufactured goods45% of goods exports, 2024
Services share of exports13.2%of everything sold abroad, 2025
TerritoryEntirely islandsno part on a continental mainland · archipelago
Internet domain.id

Facts about Indonesia

Indonesia is the only country where Komodo dragons live in the wild.

Source: IUCN Red List, Varanus komodoensis · checked 2026-08-08

Indonesia has more active volcanoes than any other country.

Source: Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program · checked 2026-08-08

Indonesia produces the most palm oil.

Source: apps.fas.usda.gov · checked 2026-08-08

Indonesia mines the most nickel.

Source: investingnews.com · checked 2026-08-08

Indonesia by the numbers

Rank is out of the countries with data for that measure. Every figure is the latest year the source publishes.

MeasureValueRank
PopulationEveryone living in the country, all ages, counted mid-year.286m (2025)4th
of 209
GDPThe total value of everything the country produces in a year, at current prices.$1.45tn (2025)17th
of 203
Land areaTotal land area, excluding inland water and offshore territory.1.89m km² (2023)14th
of 209
Military spending, totalWhat the government spends on its armed forces in a year — pay, equipment and operations.$11.0bn (2024)27th
of 151
Exports of goods & servicesThe value of everything the country sells abroad in a year, goods and services combined.$330bn (2025)30th
of 180
Mobile subscriptionsActive mobile phone subscriptions — NOT the same as people. Many people hold two, so a country can have more subscriptions than residents.347m (2024)4th
of 205
Forest areaLand under natural or planted trees, whether or not it is productive.903k km² (2023)8th
of 203
Agricultural landCropland, land under permanent crops, and permanent pasture.551k km² (2023)16th
of 206
CO₂ emissionsCarbon dioxide released in a year, in millions of tonnes.812 Mt (2024)7th
of 198
Urban populationThe number of people living in urban areas, as each country defines them.170m (2025)5th
of 209
Life expectancyHow long a baby born today would live if death rates never changed.71.3 years (2024)138th
of 209
GDP per personEverything the country produces in a year, divided by its population.$5,060 (2025)133rd
of 205
Internet useThe share of people who have used the internet in the last three months.72.8% (2024)117th
of 191
InflationHow much prices rose over the year, measured on a basket of consumer goods.1.9% (2025)126th
of 182
UnemploymentThe share of people who want a job and are looking for one but do not have one.3.2% (2025)138th
of 185
Urban shareThe share of the population living in urban areas.59.4% (2025)125th
of 209
Births per womanHow many children a woman would have across her life at current birth rates.2.12 (2024)95th
of 209
Military spending, share of GDPWhat the country spends on its armed forces, as a share of everything it produces.0.78% of GDP (2024)128th
of 155
Trade opennessImports plus exports as a share of GDP. Above 100% is normal for small trading economies.43.4% of GDP (2025)155th
of 183
CO₂ per personCarbon dioxide from fuel and industry, divided by the population.2.84 t (2024)95th
of 198
Human Development IndexThe UN’s combined measure of health, education and income, on a scale from 0 to 1.0.728 (2023)113th
of 193

Land borders

🇹🇱 East Timor🇲🇾 Malaysia🇵🇬 Papua New Guinea

Across the water

Close by sea, with no shared land border.

🇦🇺 Australia🇵🇼 Palau🇵🇭 Philippines🇸🇬 Singapore🇹🇭 Thailand🇻🇳 Vietnam

Indonesia shares these with other countries

Drives on the left 60Is made up entirely of islands 58Is an archipelago 39Has a coast and land neighbours 115Is a member of the g20 19Is a member of asean 10Mainly exports manufactured goods 83Is in south-eastern asia 11

Indonesia in the Daily Ceteris

Questions from the daily puzzle where the answer is Indonesia.

Which country produces the most palm oil?

Indonesia alone makes more than half the world's palm oil, and with Malaysia the two produce about 82% of it — a crop found in roughly half of all packaged supermarket products. source

Which country mines the most nickel?

Indonesia banned raw nickel-ore exports in 2020 to force miners to smelt onshore and capture more value. Output has since surged past half of world supply, crashing global prices and squeezing rival producers like the Philippines out of the market. source

Keep going

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Country data from the World Bank (CC BY 4.0) and the UNDP Human Development Report (CC BY 3.0 IGO)
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